How the texture of the carpet is arranged: what it is. Brown color in psychology More about carpet materials

The texture of the carpet is the type of pile of the front layer of the carpet. There are three main types of pile

cut pile
combined pile

Each type of pile has its own subspecies, which creates a variety of textures of carpets.

Loop pile (loop-pile).

Loop pile carpet can be:

With the same level loop (level loop)- this is a carpet with uncut loops of equal height. Appearance, the surface is similar to sea pebbles. At the same time, the denser the carpet loops are to each other, the greater the wear resistance of the coating. Therefore, you can use it in high traffic areas.

Multilevel coverage (high-low structure)- this is a carpet, the loops in which are made of different heights, due to which a three-dimensional pattern is created on the surface.

Berber looks and is named after carpets self made from wool made by the Berber tribes of North Africa and Asia. Loops are made from thick yarn or wool, nylon, polypropylene or a mixture of these fibers. This provides high durability and a luxurious soft underfoot effect. Berber can be both with single-level loops and with multi-level ones.

Berber

Cut (shorn) pile (cut-pile).

According to the height of the pile, the coatings of this group are divided into short pile (pile 2-3 mm.), medium pile (pile 3-5 mm.) and long pile (pile more than 5 mm.)

Velours(velor) is a carpet with a short pile cut and shortly trimmed to an equal length. This type of pile has a very high density. After shearing, the pile of the carpet fluffs up and creates a uniform, smooth, velvet-like surface. Depending on the yarn used distinguish classic velor, soft velor and semi-soft velor. Velours- the easiest type of carpet to maintain. But on velor, especially plain, traces of steps and dirt are clearly visible.Hide it helps drawing.

Twist - with an intersecting cut loop(cross-over-cut) - the originality is determined by the weaving created by the machine with the intersecting movement of the grids with needles and the number of stitches per centimeter. The threads are tightly twisted to give a certain, textured surface to the coating. Such a structure retains heat well she durable and does not show traces of dirt. Twist rugs are perfect for plain colors.

Frise (Frise), or texture is a covering made from high twisted, heat-treated yarn. The pile of such a coating is higher than that of velor, and remains vertical even after a haircut. Carpets of this type are durable, resistant to abrasion and wrinkling., the heterogeneity of the structure of the pile of frieze carpets helps to hide footprints and dirt. Cleans well and relatively inexpensive. Recommended for nurseries, living rooms, corridors.

Saxony(saxony) - a type of frieze with extra high pile, so that the coating does not look so dense. This is the most expensive and most popular type of pile in the West. The thread is strongly twisted and not just cut, but sharpened like a pencil, so the fibers do not merge with each other and remain vertical. This creates the effect of a wool carpet. Saxony best suited for bedrooms, as it is very wrinkled and gets dirty pretty quickly. Saxony is valued for elegance and comfort.

eurosaxony(pile height 7-8 mm, very thin and strongly twisted pile, with a pile weight of more than 1 kg) - this is one of the most expensive types of carpets.

Shag is a type of saxony with very high and coarse pile. The height of the pile of such a carpet can reach 30-40 mm.

Terry(step) cover - has the highest pile of all carpets with sheared pile. The length of the pile is more than 2.5 cm, it is made of twisted yarn. There are quite large distances between the stitches, so the pile falls. That's why carpets of this type cannot be used in areas of high traffic. Also difficult to clean. Due to the consumption of a large amount of yarn, good terry carpets are expensive.

Combined pile.

Coatings of this type combine a combination of loop and cut pile in various combinations.

With clipped tops of pile (tip-sheared)- is made in the process of further processing of a looped carpet multi-level (high-low structure). The loops of the sections with the highest pile are trimmed after quilting.

With combined sections (cut-loop)- the carpet consists of sections with not cut loops, and loops cut on the quilting machine. IN classic version such a coating, the pile with cut loops is always higher than that of uncut loops.

With a constant level of cut and not cut loop (level-cut-loop)- one of the latest techniques with looped and sheared pile of the same length. In the production of such a cover, a special hook is used with programmed functions for forming loops and cutting them, pulling the loop that cannot be cut to the level of the cut pile. By combining this technique with the use of modeling fixtures to create a high or low structure, as well as the technique of intersecting loops, an amazing variety of modern models is created.

With cross split loop(crossover cut). It is obtained by weaving created by the machine during the intersecting movement of the gratings with needles.

Over tufted- produced by machines with individually controlled needles (ICN - Individually Controlled Needle). The warp is an unfinished (not secured with a secondary warp) carpet that is passed through a machine with a coarser pattern than the machine on which the warp was quilted. During this process, yarns of additional colors and shades are sewn in. Programming the needles allows you to create a variety of color effects and different carpet design variations.

The properties and areas of application of the combined pile are identical to the properties of the pile included in the combination.

As soon as the cold sets in, thoughts involuntarily arise about a warm floor covering. Neither tiles nor linoleum will add heat. You will have to wear good shoes, but it will still be somehow uncomfortable.

Of course, there is always a way out, for example, a warm floor. But for various reasons, not everyone can afford such pleasure. It remains the best way out of the current situation - to stop the choice on the carpet.

Do right choice warm flooring for the home is not so simple, and how to understand the variety?

The composition of the floor carpet material:

Pile;
Primary lining;
The lining is secondary;
latex base.

The main characteristic of this material is the yarn that is used in the production process. As a part of a carpet there are usually both natural, and artificial threads. For example, pure wool or wool combined with artificial fibers.

Carpet, which is made of 100% wool, is waterproof, resilient, easy to clean. However, it wears out quickly and like any other natural material is not cheap. It is not difficult to distinguish it from synthetic analogues. If you set fire to a piece, the wool smolders, and the synthetic material melts.

The components of synthetic carpet are: nylon, olefin, polyester, polyacryl.

Nylon coating

It is considered the highest quality in this segment. It is soft, resistant to impacts, retains its original color for a long time. Easy to clean. The average service life is ten years. But it doesn't come cheap. Therefore, one can consider alternatives. True, they are slightly inferior in quality.

Olefin coating

It has an attractively inexpensive cost, as well as a wide distribution. The service life is five years on average.

Contemporary carpets in supreme and turklon

They have increased wear resistance due to high-tech processing. The carpet is soft and its texture resembles natural wool.

There are the following varieties:

woven;
tufting;
needle-punched.

The texture of the carpet is considered the main difference between these groups.

tufting

It is a carpet, during the production of which threads are inserted into the very base on a glued base. The threads are built up with a needle. Its covering can be pile, loop.

The peculiarity of the loop method is as follows: the fastening of the thread to the base is done in the form of a loop. This method gives increased rigidity and wear resistance. Such material is widely used in offices, corridors, classrooms, that is, in in public places. By increasing the size and alternating the color of the threads, you can create beautiful decorations, giving them volume. But it has a significant drawback - the complexity of maintenance.

Carpet, having an even pile, is distinguished by its softness. They can be divided into three groups depending on the length of the pile:

short-haired, with a length of villi no more than 3 mm;
medium pile, with a length of villi from 3 to 5 mm;
long-haired, with a length of villi not more than 5 mm.

Needle-punched coating

This coating is mainly used in rooms with a high turnover of people. It is dyed using pattern printing. A special production technology provides it with fairly high wear resistance. There is practically no pile on the coating.

Main advantages:

affordable low cost
ease of maintenance
soundproofing,
wear resistance.

When choosing a floor carpet, you should definitely look at the quality of the color. The best option is a coating made using colored or dyed threads. The density of the pile is of no small importance. The higher the density, the better the quality.

Well, then the cost will also be higher, respectively. Carefully choose the width of the coverage. It is necessary to strive to ensure that the flooring technology is seamless. It has undeniable advantages, and this is understandable.

What are the types of carpet texture in photographs.

Making the right choice of warm flooring for your home is not so easy, and how to sort out the variety?

The composition of the floor carpet material:

Carpet, which is made of 100% wool, is waterproof, resilient, easy to clean. However, it wears out quickly and, like any natural material, is expensive. It is not difficult to distinguish it from synthetic analogues. If you set fire to a piece, the wool smolders, and the synthetic material melts.

The components of synthetic carpet are: nylon, olefin, polyester, polyacryl.

Nylon coating

It is considered the highest quality in this segment. It is soft, resistant to impacts, retains its original color for a long time. Easy to clean. The average service life is ten years. But it doesn't come cheap. Therefore, alternative options can be considered. True, they are slightly inferior in quality.

Olefin coating

It has an attractively inexpensive cost, as well as a wide distribution. The service life is five years on average.

Contemporary carpets in supreme and turklon

They have increased wear resistance due to high-tech processing. The carpet is soft and its texture resembles natural wool.

There are the following varieties:

The texture of the carpet is considered the main difference between these groups.

It is a carpet, during the production of which threads are inserted into the very base on a glued base. The threads are built up with a needle. Its covering can be pile, loop.

The peculiarity of the loop method is as follows: the fastening of the thread to the base is done in the form of a loop. This method gives increased rigidity and wear resistance. Such material is widely used in offices, corridors, classrooms, that is, in public places. By increasing the size and alternating the color of the threads, you can create beautiful decorations, giving them volume. But it has a significant drawback - the complexity of maintenance.

Carpet, having an even pile, is distinguished by its softness. They can be divided into three groups depending on the length of the pile:

Needle-punched coating

Main advantages:

Overview What are the types of carpet texture.

A popular floor covering with a wide range of products. The method of production is identical to the manufacture of carpets. Only the carpet is attached to the base of the floor. The main difference between carpets lies in the texture - the type and pattern of the pile.

There are several types of pile:

cut pile
Loop pile
Combined pile

Moreover, each type is divided into subspecies and the buyer is offered a wide variety products.

Features and types of loop pile

There are several types of material:

With the same level of loops (reminiscent of pebbles);
Obtained from several levels of villi in height (the effect of a three-dimensional pattern);
Berber (visual impression of a handmade carpet). Loops are made of wool, nylon, yarn, polypropylene.

The wear resistance of the carpet depends on the location of the loops. The closer they are, the denser the structure. However, the density also affects the increase in cost. The most dense material is advisable to be used in places with a high load - with high traffic.

Types and characteristics of cut carpet

Material with split pile varies in height - from 2 to 5 mm. Short pile cut carpet 2-3 mm high, medium pile - 3-5 mm, long pile - 5 mm.

These types of carpet are divided into:

Velours. This is a material with a high density short pile, having the same loops along the entire length. It tactilely resembles velvet, because after cutting the villi fluff.
Twist. Split loops are tightly twisted and intersect, due to this they achieve an unusual type of coverage. This structure of the pile is durable and practical.
Saxony. High villi remain in a vertical position, they do not stick together. However, the carpet looks loose. Each thread is twisted and sharpened. In appearance, such an elegant coating resembles a wool carpet. This great choice for the bedroom.
Shag is a type of Saxon pile. This is the highest pile and quite rough.
artificial grass. Suitable for laying not only indoors, but also outside. Externally, the coating imitates grass. The pile is soft, made of polypropylene. It is used in children's playrooms.

Benefits of combined coverage

The covering combines loop and cut pile. It is made using the latest technologies and equipment: special quilting machines, programmed hooks for creating and cutting loops.

There are several types of such carpet:

With trimmed tops of the villi. After processing, the multi-level looped material takes the form of a combined one. Loops that are higher than others are cut off.
With combined fragments of cut and uncut loops. At the same time, the cut loops are higher and fluffy.

When choosing a material, it is necessary to take into account the features of operation. Consultation with a qualified specialist will help you make the right decision.

The need to use a warm floor covering arises when the cold season sets in.

Linoleum with tiles are not able to provide maximum warmth.

There are ways out of this situation, but warm ones, for example, are not suitable for everyone.

The texture of the carpet is the optimal solution that can please many.

The carpet is made up of:

latex material.
Lining base of the primary type.
Lining material secondary.
Villi.

The characteristics of the finished product are determined by the type of yarn that is used in production.

Carpeting can consist of both artificial and natural fabrics.

An example of possible bases is a combination of wool and artificial fibers, or pure wool.

Elastic is a carpet made of pure woolen fabric.

It does not require additional care, does not let moisture in in large quantities.

But it is expensive, like any other materials of natural origin. Able to wear out quickly.

Distinguishing artificial carpet from natural is not difficult. Wool will smolder if you set fire to at least one piece. Synthetics begin to melt in such conditions.

Synthetic carpets can be made up of polyacrylic or polyester, olefin or nylon.

About nylon

Needle-punched.
Tufting.
Woven.

These groups differ from each other in the texture of the carpet.

Tufting Properties

The production of such a carpet involves the insertion of threads into the glued material. The threads are placed inside the base. With the help of a needle, the threads are increased. The coating itself is looped or pile.

The loop method has its own characteristics. At the base, the threads are attached using a special kind of loop. Thanks to this, the finished product becomes resistant to wear, more rigid.

This type of material is often used in public institutions, where a high level of traffic is always maintained.

With it you can create beautiful decorative elements if you alternate the color of the threads, increase their size from time to time. And add extra volume. But such structures are difficult to maintain, this is their main drawback.

Softness differs from a variety of carpet with even wax. Depending on the specific length of the pile, products are of three types:

Long pile. Not more than 5 mm.
Medium pile. 3-5 millimeters.
Short pile. No more than 3 millimeters.

About Needle Punched Coating

It is also used where there are a lot of people walking. For coloring, the so-called pattern printing method is used. A special production guarantees the presence of high wear resistance. There is practically no pile on this coating.

Among the main advantages:

Wear resistance.
Soundproofing.
Simple service.
Affordable cost keeping the low level. This is different and the texture of the carpet is seamless.

An equally important role is played by how dense the pile is in a particular product. The higher the density, the better the quality.

About the varieties of pile

Carpet is divided into several varieties depending on the methods of weaving.

The length of the pile has already been mentioned above.

Learn more about carpet materials

Fiber is the main material used in the production of carpet. It can be of natural or artificial origin. Just look at the photo of the carpet itself to get to know the source material in more detail.

Polyamide fiber - dense, wear-resistant. In such a floor covering, the color and texture are retained for a long time. The pile does not slip, even when it is under very heavy furniture. It does not wear out due to intensive walking.
Polypropylene. The only type of material that is inherently anti-static. This eliminates the need for additional processing. But wear resistance and fire safety are low.
Wool in appearance resemble polyester fibers. But they are inferior to natural counterparts in everything.
Wool has many advantages. Among them, it is worth noting low thermal conductivity with fire safety, strength and elasticity. But the material has a high price. He is afraid of insects and moisture in large quantities, can accumulate static charges.
Acrylic has an average level of abrasion resistance. But this figure is still lower than that of polyamide fibers. Because acrylic is often added to other bases. As a result, stability is increased. For example, with its help the texture of a carpet with a pattern is created.

About some features of pile with loops

It is produced in several varieties.

Where the same level for all loops.
Multilevel, formed from villi with different characteristics. Differs in presence of volume drawing.
Berbers with carpets, made by hand.

The wear resistance of the carpet is determined by how the loops are located.

The closer they are to each other, the denser the product will be.

But the price also goes up.

Such materials are used where a lot of people pass.

In multi-level coverings, the hinges always have different heights.

But the volumetric pattern makes the material truly beautiful.

It can be a great decoration for living rooms.

One of the varieties of loop carpet is Berber. This material appeared a very long time ago, even when representatives of nomadic tribes wove carpets with their own hands.

Berber in appearance is very similar to ordinary carpets. This coating is made from nylon, polypropylene, yarn and wool.

You can find options where loops of different sizes are combined, from different materials. Softness with high strength are considered the main advantages.

Split carpet

Carpet, which has a split pile, is also represented by several varieties. The main difference is the height of the pile. It is usually in the range of 2-5 millimeters. For each type of carpet, the basis can be:

artificial grass.
Terry coverings.
Saxony.
Twist.
Velours.

On velor coatings, those who are not afraid of difficulties in care stop the choice. The main thing is to purchase products with some, then the pollution will not be visible much.

The twist is based on intersecting, cut types of loops. Such material has an unusual, very specific appearance. In many ways - due to the fact that there are twisted threads inside it.

Thanks to this texture, the pile retains heat for a long time. This is a solid and non-marking base. Saxony is a loose carpet that seems very thin.

In such coatings, the villi are able to maintain a vertical position, do not stick together with each other. The appearance of the threads is reminiscent of pencils, they are not just twisted, but also sharpened in a special way. Looks like wool carpet.

Saxony has an attractive appearance. This is one of the most expensive types pile. But he quickly gets dirty, starts to wrinkle. It is best to decorate the bedroom with such material.

A separate conversation - about the carpet with the surface of "artificial grass". It is used both indoors and outdoors. The coating imitates natural grass. For the manufacture of using a pile of polypropylene.

This is a very soft material. You can literally fall on it, and remain whole. Plus high thermal insulation. Which allows the use of artificial grass even in rooms.

There is a combined carpet in which there are loop and cut pile. Combined coatings are obtained only after special processing.

If some loops are higher than others, they must be cut. But those that are cut open remain taller and fluffier.

The video shows the technology of laying carpet: